Edward Jenner and the Discovery of Vaccines Essay - 755 Words

Edward Jenner and the Discovery of Vaccines Edward Jenner (1749-1823) trained in London, under John Hunter, and was an army surgeon for a period of time. After that, he spent his whole career as a country doctor in his home county, Gloucestershire (West of England). His research was based on careful case studies and clinical observation more than a hundred years before scientists could explain what viruses and diseases actually were. His innovative new method was successful to such an extent that by 1840 the British government had banned alternative preventive treatments against smallpox. [IMAGE] His invention of vaccination against smallpox was the medical breakthrough that saved the†¦show more content†¦He inoculated by taking a very small quantity of fluid from an unripe smallpox pustule, on the point of a lancet, and inserting it between the outer and inner layers of the skin of the upper arm without drawing blood. He did not use a bandage to cover the incision. Jenner had always been fascinated by the rural old wives tale that milkmaids could not get smallpox. He believed that there was a connection between the fact that milkmaids only got a weak version of smallpox (the non-life threatening cowpox) but did not get the strong version, smallpox itself. A milkmaid who caught cowpox got blisters on her hands and Jenner concluded that it must be the pus in the blisters that somehow protected the milkmaids. Jenner began to inoculate against smallpox using Suttons method, but he soon found some patients to be completely resistant to the disease. Upon investigation, he found that these patients had previously had cowpox. Jenner concluded that cowpox not only protected against smallpox, but also could be transferred from one human being to another as a deliberate mechanism of protection. As early as 1780 Jenner learned that the eruptions of the teats of infected cows differed. All were called cowpox and all could be transferred to the hands of the milkmaids, but only one kind created a resistance to smallpox. He called this type true cowpox. Jenner discovered thatShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Smallpox During The Middle Ages866 Words   |  4 Pageshealth care. English Physician and Scientist Edward Jenner, a small country doctor, who is well known around the world for his innovative contribution to immunization and the ultimate eradication of smallpox. (2005, Baylor University Medical Center.) It is believed that smallpox appeared around 10,000 B.C. Smallpox was introduced to Europe sometime between the fifth and seventh centuries and was frequently epidemic during the Middle Ages. Edward Jenner was born on May 17, 1749, in Berkeley, GloucestershireRead MoreIndividuals and Their Discoveries Are Not Enough to Bring Medical Progress. Explain How Far This Statemen t Applies to Jenner and His Work721 Words   |  3 PagesIndividuals and their discoveries are not enough on their own to bring medical progress. Explain how far this statement applies to Jenner and his work. Jenner’s discovery of the link between cowpox and smallpox was significant to the development of a vaccine for smallpox. However, it can be argued that Jenner and his discovery were not enough on their own to bring medical progress. The factors Scientific thinking, Government Communication and Changing attitudes played a major and important roleRead MoreDiscovery And Turning Point Of The Industrial Revolution1071 Words   |  5 Pagesprogress, new discoveries concerning medicine would have to be made. One salient discovery and turning point of the industrial revolution was the inauguration of the vaccine. While they have benefited human beings for over two centuries, the adventure to advantageous vaccines has been neither orderly nor undeviating. This can be discerned in the developments of Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur, religious controversy, and modern outcome. The story of vaccination began with Edward Jenner, — a doctorRead MorePasteur s Work Into Motion796 Words   |  4 PagesVaccines Louis Pasteur was a French 19th century scientist, chemist, physicist, philosopher, microbiologist, father of pasteurization, and towards the latter part of his career became an immunologist. Though the immune system had barely even been discovered towards the end of the 19th century, Pasteur was able to develop vaccines for chicken cholera, anthrax, and rabies. Though he started out trying to discover what the culprit was to making livestock and dogs sick, he applied this knowledge andRead MoreThe First Major Discoveries That Laid The Foundation For Technological Advances During The World Of Vaccinations1364 Words   |  6 PagesThe first major discoveries that laid the foundation for technological advances in the world of vaccinations were that of Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur. In 1796, Jenner took on smallpox. He had been informed that milkmaids seemed to be immune to the disease, however, upon further inspection he realized that the women all had a lesser form of smallpox, ca lled cowpox, on their hands. He began to theorize that cowpox played a role as to why the women never contracted the deadly disease. To test hisRead MoreThe Historical Events Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1595 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein says, â€Å"None but those who have experienced them can conceive the enticements of science. In other studies you go as far as others have gone before you, and there is no more to know; but in a scientific pursuit there is continual food for discovery and wonder† (Shelley 45). Shelley also explores the negative side of innovation by the perversion of the creature that Frankenstein spent hours poring over. Frankenstein was disappointed and terrified by the way his creature did not follow the planRead MoreVaccines : Defense Against Disease Or Illness?1657 Words   |  7 PagesVaccines: Defense Against Disease or Initiators of Illness? Human beings are not invincible, for they are susceptible to things such as sickness, disease, and death. Throughout the years, humans have faced numerous outbreaks of different illnesses. In response to such outbreaks, people searched for ways to protect themselves. One protection method was vaccination. The creation of the first vaccine, the further development of common vaccinations, and the varied responses to vaccination have greatlyRead MoreDifferences Between Cultures And Cultures Of Europe2036 Words   |  9 PagesGregor Mendel, from the Czech Republic. However in this paper, just a few out of the abundant selections of biologists from Europe will be discussed and compared. Their cultures, identities, and education have all influenced a different array of discoveries and successes that have opened the door for scientists today to follow in their footsteps and add on to their theories. During the time that the scientists being discussed lived, Europe was undergoing a fundamental change. During the 18th and 19thRead MoreVaccinations Of The Smallpox Vaccine1687 Words   |  7 Pagesintroduced in the late 18th century by Edward Jenner. He injected a small amount of cowpox in a thirteen year-old boy to demonstrate the effectiveness it had against smallpox, resulting in the development of the first smallpox vaccine in 1798. Because of his discovery, Jenner contributed to the overall annihilation of the disease in 1979 after the vaccine was implemented in different medicines throughout the world (source). Following Jenner, many others produced vaccines to help reduce the fatalities ofRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Smallpox Vaccine943 Words   |  4 Pagesintroduced, new discoveries were brought to their attention, remedies was in the spotlight, and the start of women’s professions generated. Vaccines are the most successful strategies in medicine to prevent and even eliminate the most gruesome and contagious diseases. For centuries, smallpox traumatized the human race. Today, smallpox is not something we automatically think of when somebody gets a rash or have the chills, thanks to Edward Jenner. The first successful smallpox vaccine was introduced

Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown †The Romanticism and...

â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† – The Romanticism and Realism The reader finds in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† a mix of realism and romanticism, with the former dominating the latter. Commenting on the presence of romanticism in Hawthorne’s short stories, Morse Peckham in â€Å"The Development of Hawthorne’s Romanticism,† talks about the author’s usage of romantic themes: In his early short stories and sketches Hawthorne was particularly concerned with three Romantic themes: guilt, alienation, and historicism. These three are so intimately intertwined in his work, as in most Romantics, that it is extremely difficult to separate them. . . .The Romantic historicist used the past for a double,†¦show more content†¦He is one of the new, and far better generation of your writer. The smell of your beeches and hemlocks is upon him; your own broad prairies are in his soul; and if you travel away inland into his deep and noble nature, you will hear the far roar of his Niagara. M. H. Abrams defines romantic themes in prominent writers of this school in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries as being five in number: (1) innovations in the materials, forms and style; (2) that the work involve a â€Å"spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings†; (3) that external nature be a persistent subject with a â€Å"sensuous nuance† and accuracy in its description; (4) that the reader be invited to identify the protagonist with the author himself; and (5) that this be an age of â€Å"new beginnings and high possibilities† for the person (177-79). Let us examine â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† in light of the above. First of all, Hawthorne was a real innovator in his use of the psychological approach to characters within a story. A. N. Kaul considers Hawthorne â€Å"preeminently a ‘psychological’† writer – â€Å"burrowing, to his utmost ability, into the depths of ourShow MoreRelated Realism vs. Romanticism in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay2595 Words   |  11 Pages     Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne’s classic tale â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† is a good example of a short story embodying both characteristics of realism and characteristics of romanticism. M. H. Abrams defines romantic themes in prominent writers of this school in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries as being five in number: (1) innovations in the materials, forms and style; (2) that the work involve a â€Å"spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings†; (3) that external nature be a persistent subjectRead MoreEarly American Literature Essay1511 Words   |  7 Pagesthink about the hidden meaning to many of their stories. Hawthornes fictional stories are considered part of the Romantic movement and more specifically, dark romanticism (Edgar). He used repeating themes in many of his stories that centered on the inherent evil and sin of humanity and his work often had a moral message and deep psychological complexity. A few examples would include, The Ministers Black Veil or Young Goodman Brown. For the first time in American history, readers were givenRead MoreEnlightenment, Realism And Literary Periods Before The 1850s1810 Words   |  8 Page sThere are many periods of literature that work in tandem to explain the history of America. Literary Periods before the 1850’s contain Renaissance Literature, The Enlightenment, Romanticism, Transcendentalism, Victorian Literature, and Realism. These periods show evidence of their impact on America because American literature periods before the 1850’s contain similar traits. They are The Colonial Period, The Revolutionary Period, The Era of National Expansion, The Early Writers/Concord Writers, andRead MoreThe History of American Literature3501 Words   |  15 PagesEquiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African (1789) has long been considered an important African American text. American fiction was formally established after the American Revolution. The Power of Sympathy (1789), a tragic love story by William Hill Brown, is generally considered the first American novel . Another Literary milestone was Hannah Fosters The Coquette (1797), a novel in the form of letters, or an epistolary novel. Over the course of the 19th century the country progressed from anRead MoreHistory of the Development of the Short Story.3660 Words   |  15 Pagesfirst examples in the United States are Charles Brockden Browns Somnambulism (1805), Washington Irvings Rip van Winkle (1819) and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (1820), Edgar Allan Poes Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque (1840) and Nathaniel Hawthornes Twice-Told Tales (1842). In the latter 19th century, the growth of print magazines and journals created a strong demand for short fiction of between 3,000 and 15,000 words. Famous short stories of this period include BolesÅ‚aw Pruss A Legend

Persian Wars Essay Example For Students

Persian Wars Essay The Persian Wars In the 5th century BC the vast Persian Empire attempted toconquer Greece. If the Persians had succeeded, they would have set up localtyrants, called satraps, to rule Greece and would have crushed the firststirrings of democracy in Europe. The survival of Greek culture and politicalideals depended on the ability of the small, disunited Greek city-states to bandtogether and defend themselves against Persias overwhelming strength. Thestruggle, known in Western history as the Persian Wars, or Greco-Persian Wars,lasted 20 yearsfrom 499 to 479 BC. Persia already numbered among its conqueststhe Greek cities of Ionia in Asia Minor, where Greek civilization firstflourished. The Persian Wars began when some of these cities revolted againstDarius I, Persias king, in 499 BC. Athens sent 20 ships to aid the Ionians. Before the Persians crushed the revolt, the Greeks burned Sardis, capital ofLydia. Angered, Darius determined to conquer Athens and extend his empirewestward beyond the Aegean Sea. In 492 BC Darius gathered together a greatmilitary force and sent 600 ships across the Hellespont. A sudden storm wreckedhalf his fleet when it was rounding rocky Mount Athos on the Macedonian coast. Two years later Darius dispatched a new battle fleet of 600 triremes. This timehis powerful galleys crossed the Aegean Sea without mishap and arrived safelyoff Attica, the part of Greece that surrounds the city of Athens. The Persianslanded on the plain of Marathon, about 25 miles (40 kilometers) from Athens. When the Athenians learned of their arrival, they sent a swift runner,Pheidippides, to ask Sparta for aid, but the Spartans, who were conducting areligious festival, could not march until the moon was full. Meanwhile the smallAthenian army encamped in the foothills on the edge of the Marathon Plain. TheAthenian general Miltiades ordered his small force to advance. He had arrangedhis men so as to have the greatest strength in the wings. As he expected, hiscenter was driven back. The two wings then united behind the enemy. Thus hemmedin, the Persians bows and arrows were of little use. The stout Greek spearsspread death and terror. The invaders rushed in panic to their ships. The Greekhistorian Herodotus says the Persians lost 6,400 men against only 192 on theGreek side. Thus ended the battle of Marathon (490 BC), one of the decisivebattles of the world. Darius planned another expedition, but he died beforepreparations were completed. This gave the Greeks a ten-year period to preparefo r the next battles. Athens built up its naval supremacy in the Aegean underthe guidance of Themistocles. In 480 BC the Persians returned, led by KingXerxes, the son of Darius. To avoid another shipwreck off Mount Athos, Xerxeshad a canal dug behind the promontory. Across the Hellespont he had thePhoenicians and Egyptians place two bridges of ships, held together by cables offlax and papyrus. A storm destroyed the bridges, but Xerxes ordered the workersto replace them. For seven days and nights his soldiers marched across thebridges. On the way to Athens, Xerxes found a small force of Greek soldiersholding the narrow pass of Thermopylae, which guarded the way to central Greece. Leonidas, king of Sparta, led the force. Xerxes sent a message ordering theGreeks to deliver their arms. Come and take them, replied Leonidas. For two days the Greeks long spears held the pass. Then a Greek traitor toldXerxes of a roundabout path over the mountains. When Leonidas saw the enemyapproaching from the rear, he dismissed his men except the 300 Spartans, whowere bound, like himself, to conquer or die. Leonidas was one of the first tofall. Around their leaders body the gallant Spartans fought first with theirswords, then with their hands, until they were slain to the last man. ThePersians moved on to Attica and found it deserted. They set fire to Athens withflaming arrows. Xerxes fleet held the Athenian ships bottled up between thecoast of Attica and the island of Salamis. His ships outnumbered the Greek shipsthree to one. The Persians had expected an easy victory, but one after anothertheir ships were sunk or crippled. Crowded into the narrow strait, the heavyPersian vessels moved with difficulty. The lighter Greek ships rowed out from acircular formation and rammed their prows into the clumsy enemy vessels. Twohu ndred Persian ships were sunk, others were captured, and the rest fled. Xerxesand his forces hastened back to Persia. Soon after, the rest of the Persian armywas scattered at Plataea (479 BC). In the same year Xerxes fleet was defeatedat Mycale. The threat of Persian domination was ended.

The Last Supper Essay Example For Students

The Last Supper Essay The Last Supper Dear Sarah, I know you missed class last week, but I would love to explain one of the important pieces of art we went over, The Last Supper, painted from 1495 to 1498. That day, we went over the history that led up to period of Modern Art. As Leonardo dad Vinci painted this huge piece of art, 15 by 29 feet, he had purpose and meaning into every detail, which I will explain to you. The subject around Leonardo dad Vines The Last Supper is based on the last meal Christ had with his twelve disciples before one of them betrays Jesus. We will write a custom essay on The Last Supper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Judas is the one that betrays Christ that leads to His death on the cross and Resurrection. This meal is also known as the Passover meal where Jesus broke the bread and drank the wine as remembrance of his body and blood that He sacrificed for all mankind. In the Bible (Matthew 26), Jesus says that the one who will betray Him is, He that tippets his hand with me in the dish, the same shall betray me. In the painting it displays Judas left hand and Jesus right hand reaching for the food. The Last Supper clearly displays classicism within its details. The biggest thing hat Leonardo dad Vinci displays in this art piece is Neo-Platonism. This idea or truth has God in the center of all things. It can be displayed as a triangle, which stands for the Trinity, and gives a sense of stability. In The Last Supper, we can see that Leonardo has Jesus in the center of everything, which you will see in the later descriptions. First sign of neoclassicism is the triangles that make up Jesus and next Him. The head of Christ makes the top of the triangle his hands make the bottom two corners. This is so important, since the triangle is upright. When a triangle is upright, it gives the meaning of stability. Therefore, where Christ is the center, there is stability. However, there is an upside down triangle next to Jesus. This is the sign of instability. I believe this is on that side of Jesus, because Judas is also on that side. We can tell that Judas is on this side, because one, both him and Jesus are both reaching for the food, and that is described in the Bible. Also in the Bible (Matthew 26:1 5) it says that Judas was given thirty pieces of silver to betray the Christ, and in Judas right hand it kooks like he is holding a sack of coins. Lastly, Leonardo dad Vinci painted Judas face different than all the others. His face is kind of blurred and is shaped oddly, which is unlike all the others. There are a lot of evidences of classicism in this painting. In this picture, Jesus is the focal point. One sign of classicism is in the lines and symmetry. All of the lines in the ceiling and walls all lead to the head of Jesus. The three windows in the background are symbolizing the Trinity, and the biggest one is framing Christ. This also makes Jesus stand out even more. Also everyone is either pointing to Jesus or are looking at Him. The bread and meal plates are all evenly spaced, which is the sign of classicism. Another sign of classicism in this painting, the colors are very complimentary. Jesus is especially bright in His red and blue. Leonardo did this on purpose, because he wanted to make Jesus stand out the most. This is why he chose red, the color that stands out the most in paintings. The last sign of classicism is the balance. On each side of Jesus, there are two sets of three disciples. .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 , .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .postImageUrl , .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 , .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:hover , .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:visited , .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:active { border:0!important; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:active , .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7 .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u37f2eac59f3fb1d3100f0bce14e093e7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leonardo and the Mona Lisa EssayThe three disciples is a sign of the Trinity and the four groups is also a symbol of Plats four virtues. In conclusion, The Last Supper is a huge symbol of classicism and Neo-Platonism. Leonardo dad Vinci had many meanings behind each and every detail, from the placement of the bread, to lines on the ceiling. I hope this helps you out a lot. There is a lot of information in Just this little paper. See you next week, Leonardo Last Supper. Smart History. Khan Academy, n. D. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. Http://consistory. Schenectady. Org/Leonardo-last-supper. HTML The Last Supper Essay Example For Students The Last Supper Essay The Last Supper was a very powerful Biblical event, in which Jesus and his disciples gathered for one final dinner together. According to the Bible, important events took place during the Last Supper, including an announcement by Jesus that one of his disciples would betray him and the first communion. To artists in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, it was necessary to give proper deference to such notable occurrences. Both Leonardo da Vinci and Jacopo Robusti, known as Tintoretto, took upon the challenge of recreating the Last Supper. While Last Supper by da Vinci and Last Supper by Tintoretto are very similar in subject matter, they differ in composition, symbolism, and the choice of narrative moment. The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci is the first great figure composition of the High Renaissance and the definitive interpretation of its theme. Jesus and his twelve disciples are seated at a long table that is parallel to the picture plane. The room is spacious and peaceful, and Christ has his arms spread in disposed trust . We will write a custom essay on The Last Supper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The rest of the group is in intense and dramatic excitement, with their hands out in shock and question at Jesus words. The viewer can just feel the tense excitement sweeping through the groups of disciples. Jesus, the most important figure in the painting, has been placed in front of three windows that are in the back of the room, and he is framed by the center window with a curved pediment that arches above his head. His head serves as the focal and vanishing point of this piece, and your eye is immediately attracted to it. Da Vinci has arranged the disciples into groups of three and tied all the groups together through their hand motions giving this piece a symmetrically aesthetic feeling. Your eye is taken on a journey through the oval-shaped composition of the piece, but it is clear that Jesus serves as the vital magnet. The Last Supper by Tintoretto is a beautiful Mannerist-style painting in which the painter creates a revolutionary type of composition. The pieces surface plane now shoots in a diagonal motion and Jesus is noticeable only because of the light around his head. There is a feeling of unsure commotion throughout the figures as they lean into uncomfortable positions, such as the maid in the foreground. The figures also seem to blossom in light through a darkness of the background. The two brightest areas, Jesus and the light fixture, fight for the viewers attention and create a sense of uncertainty, perfecting what the Mannerists set out to accomplish. The use of symbolism in both Da Vincis and Tintorettos Last Supper is important to the interpretation of each piece. Da Vinci is the first known artist to place Judas, the disciple who betrays Jesus, on the same side of the table as Christ. This subtly symbolizes the trust that Jesus shared with his followers, and it is more realistic. By placing Christ in the center, as the focal point, with orthagonals leading towards him, Da Vinci creates a 3-D/pyramid effect with Christ that shows his still and stable calmness and poise amongst the distraught group. He also places Jesus inside the second window, symbolizing Jesus position as Christ, the son in the Christian trinity. The group of twelve is split into groups of threes, symbolizing the trinity, and supporting the symmetry. Tintorettos Last Supper uses symbolism very differently. He places genre figures throughout the painting, such as the waitresses, to ground the viewer in reality. This may act as his way of making the piece more realistic or closer to personal experience and therefore, more comfortable. Yet, he also places angels flying into the room, throwing off this grounded feeling but giving a nice balance of both heaven and Earth. .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 , .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .postImageUrl , .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 , .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:hover , .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:visited , .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:active { border:0!important; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:active , .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93 .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4405d789cdd18202265cffa6ec927d93:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Often Times People Tend To Look At A Work Of Art And Only See A Picture EssayThese two accomplished artists, Da Vinci from the High Renaissance Period, and Tintoretto from the time of Mannerism, decided to paint the same event, but chose different narrative moments, exemplifying each of their purposes. Leonardo da Vinci chose to illustrate the moment in which Jesus proclaims that one of his disciples shall betray him, creating a sense of shock and question. Each of the followers of Jesus embrace fear, doubt, protestation, rage, and love in a beautiful symmetry. Tintoretto, on the other hand, chooses to use a different scene of the same event, the first communion. Although the painting is very expressive and exciting, the subject is of a joyous festival that continues on in many Christian churches today. He chooses not to work with a scene of betrayal and dishonesty, but instead a time of great miracle. Leonardo da Vincis goal of painting not only the man, but the intention of his soul is shown in his Last Supper; one can almost see John the Baptist in shocking contemplation after hearing such news. The painter withholds the High Renaissance aesthetics of symmetry and stability, while creating a stirring of emotion inside of the viewer through composition, symbolism, and narrative subject. Tintoretto is a true Mannerist. He decided upon a different scene and brought it alive with colors, composition, and movement. His fascination with color is revealed, while he creates uncertain emotions in the viewer through symbols, lights, and shadows. Both of these artists exemplify not only their times, but also their incredible ability to manipulate art to express their purpose.